IMPORTANT NOTES

Each commercial laboratory has its own set of normal values, called Normal Range or Reference Range on your lab report. These values depend on the equipment or method used. Compare your results to the range shown on your lab report. Results that are out of range may not represent a problem.

Your test results can be affected by several factors, including your age or biological sex, if you are pregnant, the time of day when the sample was taken, active infections, stage of HIV disease, and food (some test samples need to be taken after you have fasted [not eaten anything] for several hours). Where normal values for people assigned female at birth (AFAB) and people assigned male at birth (AMAB) are different, they are indicated as F and M.

The table below compares the units used in the U.S. with the Système International d’Unités (SI units), a metric system used in many parts of the world. The last column, To Convert U.S. to SI Units, is the factor to multiply U.S. lab values to convert them to SI units. To convert SI units to U.S. units, divide the SI value by the conversion factor.

DISCUSS OUT OF RANGE RESULTS WITH YOUR HEALTHCARE PROVIDER

Laboratory Test Normal Range in US Units Normal Range in SI Units To Convert U.S. to SI Units ALT (Alanine aminotransferase) F 7-30 units/L F 0.12-0.50 µkat/L x 0.01667 M 10-55 units/L M 0.17-0.92 µkat/L Albumin 3.1 – 4.3 g/dL 31 – 43 g/L x 10 Alkaline Phosphatase F 30-100 units/L

M 45-115 units/L

F 0.5-1.67 µkat/L

M 0.75-1.92 µkat/L

x 0.01667 Amylase (Serum) 53-123 units/L 0.88-2.05 nkat/L x 0.01667 AST (Aspartate aminotransferase) F 9-25 units/L F 0.15-0.42 µkat/L x 0.01667 M 10-40 units/L M 0.17-0.67 µkat/L Basophils 0-3% of lymphocytes 0.0-0.03 fraction of white blood cells x 0.01 Bilirubin – Direct 0.0-0.4 mg/dL 0-7 µmol/L x 17.1 Bilirubin – Total 0.0-1.0 mg/dL 0-17 µmol/L Blood pressure Normal: 120/70 to 120/80 millimeters of mercury (mmHg). Top number is systolic pressure, when heart is pumping. Bottom number is diastolic pressure when heart is at rest. Blood pressure can be too low (hypotension) or too high (hypertension). No conversion C peptide 0.5-2.0 ng/mL 0.17-0.66 nmol/L x 0.33 Calcium, serum 8.5-10.5 mg/dL 2.1-2.6 mmol/L x 0.25 Calcium, urine 0-300 mg/24hr 0.0-7.5 mmol/24hr x 0.025 CO2 (Bicarbonate) 20-32 mmol/L 20-32 mmol/L No conversion Chloride 95-108 mmol/L 95-108 mmol/L No conversion Cholesterol, Total <200 mg/dL <5.17 mmol/L x 0.02586 Marginal 200-239 mg/dL 5.17-6.18 mmol/L High >239 mg/dl >6.18 mmol/L Cholesterol, LDL <100 mg/dL <2.59 mmol/L Marginal 100-159 mg/dL 2.59-4.14 mmol/L High 160-189 mg/dL 4.14 – 4.89 mmol/L Very High >190 mg/dL >4.91 mmol/L Cholesterol, HDL >60 mg/dL >1.55 mmol/L Moderate 40-60 mg/dL 1.03-1.55 mmol/L Low (heart risk) <40 mg/dL <1.03 mmol/L Cortisol: serum

free (urine)

0-25 µg/dL (depends on time of day) 0-690 nmol/L x 27.59 20-70 µg/dL 55-193 nmol/24hr x 2.759 Creatine kinase F 40-150 units/L

M 60-400 units/L

F 0.67-2.50 µkat/L

M 1.00-6.67 µkat/L

x 0.01667 Creatinine (urine) F 0.6-1.8 g/day

M 0.8-2.4 g/day

F 5.3-15.9 mmol/day

M 7.1-21.2 mmol/day

x 88.4 DHEA F 130-980 ng/dL

M 180-1250 ng/dL

F 4.5-34.0 nmol/L

M 6.24-43.3 nmol/L

x 0.03467 DHEA Sulfate F Pre-menopause: 12-535 µg/dL F Pre-menopause: 120-5350 µg/L x 10 F Post-menopause: 30-260 µg/dL F Post-menopause: 300-2600 µg/L M 10-619 µg/dL M 100-6190 µg/L Eosinophils 0-8% of white blood cells 0.0-0.8 fraction of white blood cells x 0.01 Erythrocyte sedimentation rate (Sed Rate) F £ 30 mm/h

M £ 20 mm/h

F £ 30 mm/h

M £ 20 mm/h

No conversion Folate 3.1-17.5 ng/mL 7.0-39.7 nmol/L x 2.266 Glucose, urine <0.05 g/dl <0.003 mmol/L x 0.05551 Glucose, plasma 70-110 mg/dL 3.9-6.1 mmol/L Gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT) F £ 45 U/L

M £ 65 U/L

F £ 45 U/L

M £ 65 U/L

No conversion Laboratory Test Normal Range in U.S. Units Normal Range in SI Units To Convert US to SI Units Hematocrit F 36.0-46.0% of red blood cells F 0.36-0.46 fraction of red blood cells x 0.01 M 37.0-49.0% of red blood cells M 0.37-0.49 fraction of red blood cells Hemoglobin F 12.0-16.0 g/dL

M 13.0-18.0 g/dL

F 7.4-9.9 mmol/L

M 8.1-11.2 mmol/L

x 0.6206 Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (total) £ 270 U/L £ 4.5 µkat/L X 0.016667 Lactic acid 0.5-2.2 mmol/L 0.5-2.2 mmol/L No conversion Leukocytes (WBC) 4.5-11.0 x 103/mm3 4.5-11.0 x 109/liter No conversion Lymphocytes 16-46% of white blood cells 0.16-0.46 fraction of white blood cells x 0.01 Mean corpuscular hemoglobin (MCH) 25.0-35.0 pg/cell 25.0-35.0 pg/cell No conversion Mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration (MCHC) 31.0-37.0 g/dL 310-370 g/L x 10 Mean corpuscular volume (MCV) F 78-102 µm3

M 78-100 µm3

F 78-102 fl

M 78-100 fl

No conversion Monocytes 4-11% of white blood cells 0.04-0.11 fraction of white blood cells x 0.01 Neutrophils 45-75% of white blood cells 0.45-0.75 fraction of white blood cells x 0.01 Phosphorus 2.5-4.5 mg/dL 0.81-1.45 mmol/L X 0.323 Platelets (Thrombocytes) 130-400 x 103/µL 130-400 x 109/L No conversion Potassium 3.4-5.0 mmol/L 3.4-5.0 mmol/liter No conversion Red Blood Cell Count (RBC) F 3.9-5.2 x 106/µL

M 4.4-5.8 x 106/µL

F 3.9-5.2 x 1012/L

M W 4.4-5.8 x 1012/L

No conversion Sodium 135-145 mmol/liter 135-145 mmol/liter No conversion Testosterone, total (morning sample) F 6-86 ng/dL F 0.21-2.98 nmol/liter x 0.03467 M 270-1070 ng/dL M 9.36-37.10 nmol/liter Testosterone, Age 20-40

Unbound Age 41-60

Age 61-80

F 0.6-3.1 pg/mL

M 15.0-40.0 pg/mL

F 20.8-107.5 pmol/liter

M 520-1387 pmol/liter

x 34.67 F 0.4-2.5 pg/mL

M 13.0-35.0 pg/mL

F 13.9-86.7 pmol/liter

M 451-1213 pmol/liter

F 0.2-2.0 pg/mL

M 12.0-28.0 pg/mL

F 6.9-69.3 pmol/liter

M 416-971 pmol/liter

Triglycerides Normal

(fasting) Borderline

High

Very High

40-150 mg/dL

150-200 mg/dL

200-500 mg/dL

>500 mg/dL

0.45-1.69 mmol/liter

1.69-2.26 mmol/liter

2.26-5.65 mmol/liter

>5.65 mmol/liter

x 0.01129 Urea, plasma (BUN) 8-25 mg/dL 2.9-8.9 mmol/liter x 0.357 Urinalysis: pH

Specific gravity

5.0-9.0 5.0-9.0 No conversion 1.001-1.035 1.001-1.035 WBC (White blood cells, Leukocytes) 4.5-11.0 x 103/mm3 4.5-11.0 x 109/liter No conversion

TERMINOLOGY

gram: common measurement of weight. Used in this table: pg (picograms), g (grams), mg (milligrams), etc. per liter

katal (kat): a unit of catalytic activity, used especially in the chemistry of enzymes. Used in this table: µkat (microkatals), nkat (nanokatals) per liter

micrometer (µm): a unit of length. Mean Corpuscular Volume is expressed in cubic micrometers

mole: also “gram molecular weight,” a quantity based on the atomic weight of the substance. Many test results in the Système Internationale are expressed as the number of moles per liter. In US units, these measurements are usually in grams per liter. Used in this table: mmol (millimoles), µmol, (micromoles), nmol (nanomoles), pmol (picomoles) per liter

Some units of measurement include the following fractions and multipliers:

mega (M): 106 or x1,000,000 milli (m): 10-3 or ÷1,000 kilo (k): 103 or x1,000 micro (µ): 10-6 or ÷1,000,000 deca or deka: 101 or x10 nano (n): 10-9 or ÷1,000,000,000 deci (d): 10-1 or ÷10 pico (p): 10-12 or ÷1,000,000,000,000

Reviewed March 2021

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